Docker For Mac Enter Vm

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Caution: This document is migrated from the OpenWhisk core repo for the historical reason. It can be rather outdated while OpenWhisk still can work with Docker machine.

One workaround is to use NAT for the Virtualbox network, which doesn't disable traffic to localhost. The Virtualbox process on the host will simply start listening on localhost and then forward the packets into the NAT mode network for the VM. To modify Virtualbox to use NAT: Open the Virtualbox GUI. Choose your Virtualbox Docker­ Machine VM. Doenter (Docker Enter) doenter is an utility that allows you to obtain a shell inside the Docker for Mac xhyve virtual machine. A shell inside that Virtual Machine is useful because: Customize configurations or Docker Daemon options; Use a custom way to.

But if someone wants to setup OpenWhisk with Docker-machine, this guide would be a good starting point.


OpenWhisk can on a Mac using a virtual machine in which Docker daemon is running.
You will make provision of a virtual machine with Docker-machine and communicate with them via Docker remote API.

The following are required to build and deploy OpenWhisk from a Mac host:

  • Docker 1.12.0 (including `docker-machine`)

Tip Versions of Docker and Ansible are lower than the latest released versions, the versions used in OpenWhisk are pinned to have stability during continues integration and deployment.


Homebrew is an easy way to install all of these and prepare your Mac to build and deploy OpenWhisk. The following shell command is provided for your convenience to install brew with Cask and bootstraps these to complete the setup. Copy the entire section below and paste it into your terminal to run it.



It is recommended that you create a virtual machine whisk with at least 4GB of RAM.



Note that by default the third octet chosen by docker-machine will be 99. If you've multiple docker machines
and want to ensure that the IP of the created whisk VM isn't dependent on the machine start order then provide --virtualbox-hostonly-cidr '192.168.<third_octet>.1/24' in order to create a dedicated virtual network interface.

The Docker virtual machine requires some tweaking to work from the Mac host with OpenWhisk.
The following script(tweak-dockermachine.sh) will disable TLS, add port forwarding
within the VM and routes 172.17.x.x from the Mac host to the Docker virtual machine.
Enter your sudo Mac password when prompted.



The final output of the script should resemble the following two lines.



The Docker host reported by docker-machine ip whisk will give you the IP address.
Currently, the system requires that you use port 4243 to communicate with the Docker host
from OpenWhisk.

Ignore errors messages from docker-machine ls for the whisk virtual machine, this is due
to the configuration of the port 4243 vs. 2376



To verify that docker is configured properly with docker-machine run docker ps, you should not see any errors. Here is an example output:



You may find it convenient to set these environment variables in your bash profile (e.g., ~/.bash_profile or ~/.profile).



The tweaks to the Docker machine persist across reboots.
However, one of the tweaks is applied on the Mac host and must be applied
again if you reboot your Mac. Without it, some tests which require direct
communication with Docker containers will fail. To run just the Mac host tweaks,
run the following script(tweak-dockerhost.sh). Enter your sudo Mac password when prompted.





Tip Using gradlew handles the installation of the correct version of Gradle to use.



Hint: If you omit the optional -e docker_machine_name parameter, it will default to 'whisk'.
If your docker-machine VM has a different name you may pass it via the -e docker_machine_name parameter.

After this, there should be a hosts file in the ansible/environments/docker-machine directory.

To verify the hosts file you can do a quick ping to the docker machine:



Should result in something like:



Follow remaining instructions from Using Ansible section in ansible/README.md.


Configure the CLI


Follow instructions in Configure CLI.

Use the wsk CLI


IMPORTANT: No additional bug fixes or documentation updateswill be released for this version. For the latest information, see thecurrent release documentation.
« Install Elasticsearch with Windows MSI InstallerInstall Elasticsearch on macOS with Homebrew »

Elasticsearch is also available as Docker images.The images use centos:7 as the base image.

A list of all published Docker images and tags is available atwww.docker.elastic.co. The source filesare inGithub.

These images are free to use under the Elastic license. They contain open sourceand free commercial features and access to paid commercial features.Start a 30-day trial to try out all of thepaid commercial features. See theSubscriptions page for information aboutElastic license levels.

Obtaining Elasticsearch for Docker is as simple as issuing a docker pull commandagainst the Elastic Docker registry.

Alternatively, you can download other Docker images that contain only featuresavailable under the Apache 2.0 license. To download the images, go towww.docker.elastic.co.

To start a single-node Elasticsearch cluster for development or testing, specifysingle-node discovery to bypass the bootstrap checks:

To get a three-node Elasticsearch cluster up and running in Docker,you can use Docker Compose:

  1. Create a docker-compose.yml file:

This sample Docker Compose file brings up a three-node Elasticsearch cluster.Node es01 listens on localhost:9200 and es02 and es03 talk to es01 over a Docker network.

Please note that this configuration exposes port 9200 on all network interfaces, and given howDocker manipulates iptables on Linux, this means that your Elasticsearch cluster is publically accessible,potentially ignoring any firewall settings. If you don’t want to expose port 9200 and instead usea reverse proxy, replace 9200:9200 with 127.0.0.1:9200:9200 in the docker-compose.yml file.Elasticsearch will then only be accessible from the host machine itself.

The Docker named volumesdata01, data02, and data03 store the node data directories so the data persists across restarts.If they don’t already exist, docker-compose creates them when you bring up the cluster.

  1. Make sure Docker Engine is allotted at least 4GiB of memory.In Docker Desktop, you configure resource usage on the Advanced tab in Preference (macOS)or Settings (Windows).

    Docker Compose is not pre-installed with Docker on Linux.See docs.docker.com for installation instructions:Install Compose on Linux

  2. Run docker-compose to bring up the cluster:

  3. Submit a _cat/nodes request to see that the nodes are up and running:

Log messages go to the console and are handled by the configured Docker logging driver.By default you can access logs with docker logs.

To stop the cluster, run docker-compose down.The data in the Docker volumes is preserved and loadedwhen you restart the cluster with docker-compose up.To delete the data volumes when you bring down the cluster,specify the -v option: docker-compose down -v.

See Encrypting communications in an Elasticsearch Docker Container andRun the Elastic Stack in Docker with TLS enabled.

The following requirements and recommendations apply when running Elasticsearch in Docker in production.

The vm.max_map_count kernel setting must be set to at least 262144 for production use.

How you set vm.max_map_count depends on your platform:

  • Linux

    The vm.max_map_count setting should be set permanently in /etc/sysctl.conf:

    To apply the setting on a live system, run:

  • macOS with Docker for Mac

    The vm.max_map_count setting must be set within the xhyve virtual machine:

    1. From the command line, run:

    2. Press enter and use`sysctl` to configure vm.max_map_count:

    3. To exit the screen session, type Ctrl a d.
  • Windows and macOS with Docker Desktop

    The vm.max_map_count setting must be set via docker-machine:

Configuration files must be readable by the elasticsearch user

By default, Elasticsearch runs inside the container as user elasticsearch usinguid:gid 1000:0.

One exception is Openshift,which runs containers using an arbitrarily assigned user ID.Openshift presents persistent volumes with the gid set to 0, which works without any adjustments.

If you are bind-mounting a local directory or file, it must be readable by the elasticsearch user.In addition, this user must have write access to the data and log dirs.A good strategy is to grant group access to gid 0 for the local directory.

For example, to prepare a local directory for storing data through a bind-mount:

As a last resort, you can force the container to mutate the ownership ofany bind-mounts used for the data and log dirs through theenvironment variable TAKE_FILE_OWNERSHIP. When you do this, they will be owned byuid:gid 1000:0, which provides the required read/write access to the Elasticsearch process.

Increased ulimits for nofile and nprocmust be available for the Elasticsearch containers.Verify the init systemfor the Docker daemon sets them to acceptable values.

To check the Docker daemon defaults for ulimits, run:

If needed, adjust them in the Daemon or override them per container.For example, when using docker run, set:

Swapping needs to be disabled for performance and node stability.For information about ways to do this, see Disable swapping.

If you opt for the bootstrap.memory_lock: true approach,you also need to define the memlock: true ulimit in theDocker Daemon,or explicitly set for the container as shown in the sample compose file.When using docker run, you can specify:

The image exposesTCP ports 9200 and 9300. For production clusters, randomizing thepublished ports with --publish-all is recommended,unless you are pinning one container per host.

Use the ES_JAVA_OPTS environment variable to set the heap size.For example, to use 16GB, specify -e ES_JAVA_OPTS='-Xms16g -Xmx16g' withdocker run. Note that while the default configuration file jvm.optionssets a default heap of 1GB, any value you set in ES_JAVA_OPTS willoverride it.

You must configure the heap size even if you arelimitingmemory access to the container.

While setting the heap size via an environment variable is the recommendedmethod, you can also configure this by bind-mounting your own jvm.optionsfile under /usr/share/elasticsearch/config/. The file that Elasticsearch providescontains some important settings, so you should start by taking a copy ofjvm.options from an Elasticsearch container and editing it as you require.

Pin your deployments to a specific version of the Elasticsearch Docker image. Forexample docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:7.6.2.

You should use a volume bound on /usr/share/elasticsearch/data for the following reasons:

  1. The data of your Elasticsearch node won’t be lost if the container is killed
  2. Elasticsearch is I/O sensitive and the Docker storage driver is not ideal for fast I/O
  3. It allows the use of advancedDocker volume plugins

If you are using the devicemapper storage driver, do not use the default loop-lvm mode.Configure docker-engine to usedirect-lvm.

Consider centralizing your logs by using a differentlogging driver. Alsonote that the default json-file logging driver is not ideally suited forproduction use.

When you run in Docker, the Elasticsearch configuration files are loaded from/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/.

To use custom configuration files, you bind-mount the filesover the configuration files in the image.

You can set individual Elasticsearch configuration parameters using Docker environment variables.The sample compose file and thesingle-node example use this method.

To use the contents of a file to set an environment variable, suffix the environmentvariable name with _FILE. This is useful for passing secrets such as passwords to Elasticsearchwithout specifying them directly.

For example, to set the Elasticsearch bootstrap password from a file, you can bind mount thefile and set the ELASTIC_PASSWORD_FILE environment variable to the mount location.If you mount the password file to /run/secrets/password.txt, specify:

You can also override the default command for the image to pass Elasticsearch configurationparameters as command line options. For example:

While bind-mounting your configuration files is usually the preferred method in production,you can also create a custom Docker imagethat contains your configuration.

Create custom config files and bind-mount them over the corresponding files in the Docker image.For example, to bind-mount custom_elasticsearch.yml with docker run, specify:

The container runs Elasticsearch as user elasticsearch usinguid:gid 1000:0. Bind mounted host directories and files must be accessible by this user,and the data and log directories must be writable by this user.

In some environments, it might make more sense to prepare a custom image that containsyour configuration. A Dockerfile to achieve this might be as simple as:

You could then build and run the image with:

Some plugins require additional security permissions.You must explicitly accept them either by:

  • Attaching a tty when you run the Docker image and allowing the permissions when prompted.
  • Inspecting the security permissions and accepting them (if appropriate) by adding the --batch flag to the plugin install command.

See Plugin managementfor more information.

You now have a test Elasticsearch environment set up. Before you startserious development or go into production with Elasticsearch, you must do some additionalsetup:

  • Learn how to configure Elasticsearch.
  • Configure important Elasticsearch settings.
  • Configure important system settings.
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